生物解决方案 · DX02 · 诊断
作物病害预测模型、孢子捕捉器、信息素和智能害虫诱捕器及田间诊断——风险真实存在时才施药，替代按日历喷施杀菌剂和杀虫剂
替代
不论病虫压力，按固定间隔（“日历”）喷施保护性杀菌剂和常规杀虫剂
不论病虫压力，按固定间隔（“日历”）喷施保护性杀菌剂和常规杀虫剂
→
适用范围
马铃薯晚疫病、葡萄霜霉病和白粉病、苹果黑星病、谷物病害；鳞翅目和实蝇类害虫；果园、葡萄园、蔬菜和大田作物
马铃薯晚疫病、葡萄霜霉病和白粉病、苹果黑星病、谷物病害；鳞翅目和实蝇类害虫；果园、葡萄园、蔬菜和大田作物
供应商 13
| Insect Science | 南非 | 运营中 |
| Trust Seeds | 约旦 | 运营中 |
| CenGen | 南非 | 运营中 |
| SIMA | 阿根廷 | 运营中 |
| Agri Phero Solutionz | 印度 | 运营中 |
| Ecoman Biotech, China | 中国 | 运营中 |
| Ruifeng Bio-tech Group (Guangzhou) | 中国 | 运营中 |
| CropIn | 印度 | 运营中 |
| ACI SEED | 孟加拉国 | 运营中 |
| Chemiseed Sdn. Bhd. | 马来西亚 | 运营中 |
| SONKUL AGRO INDUSTRIES PVT. LTD. | 印度 | 运营中 |
| Indore Biotech Inputs & Research Pvt Ltd | ||
| Semios | 加拿大 | 运营中 |
进入俄罗斯/欧亚经济联盟 EAC
- 监管机构
- 欧亚经济联盟认可机构 / 俄罗斯联邦认可局（Rosakkreditatsiya）
- 通常时长
- 符合性声明3个工作日内登记（检测另计）；认证耗时更长
- 法律依据
- 欧亚经济联盟技术法规（TR CU 010/2011、004/2011、020/2011）；欧亚经济委员会委员会2018年3月20日第41号决定（声明登记）
仅供参考，非法律意见——请针对您的产品确认流程。
证据 24 论据
旧工艺
基于日历的喷施（以固定间隔如每7–10天预防性施用杀菌剂/杀虫剂）。
基于日历的喷施（以固定间隔如每7–10天预防性施用杀菌剂/杀虫剂）。
→
新做法
使用决策支持系统（DSS）、病害预测模型和监测（如孢子捕捉器、气象数据）的有害生物综合防治（IPM）。
使用决策支持系统（DSS）、病害预测模型和监测（如孢子捕捉器、气象数据）的有害生物综合防治（IPM）。
- 是否已大规模替代？
- 部分
- 注意事项
- 尽管在佛罗里达（草莓）和澳大利亚部分地区（土豆）等特定地区以及别处的试验环境中有采用记录，但基于日历喷施的全国或全球广泛替代仍未完成，许多常规农户仍依赖预防性施药。
- 人工复核
- D2 Adjacent: biocontrol-based IPM on >90% of Dutch greenhouse tomato, cucumber and pepper; threshold-based programmes cut insecticide applications by 44% vs calendar spraying (multi-country meta-analysis, peer-reviewed). Automated-trap adoption: market research only.
- 核实于
- 2026-10-06
| 在新西兰秋播小麦试验中，IPM管理的作物比常规作物减少50%的杀虫剂施用，且产量和病害无显著差异。 “There was an increasing trend in the number of beneficial organisms, a reduction in pests and a 50% reduction in the number of insecticides applied in the IPMmanaged crops.” New Zealand · 2008-2010 · pilot or niche | peer-reviewed ✓ exa.ai |
| 南澳脆片土豆种植者将杀虫剂喷施从1992-93年前的平均每茬4.5次减少到1995/96季的1.5次。 “The number of sprays in Atlantic crisping crops in the Adelaide Hills of South Australia has fallen from an average of 4.5 sprays per crop (range 0-7) prior to the 1992-93 season to an average of 0.5 sprays in 1993/94 (range 0-2), 1.4 sprays in 1994-95 (range 0-3) and 1.5 sprays in the 1995/96 crop (range 0-6).” Australia · 1992-1996 · large measured reduction of the old process | weak (company, news, market research, other) ✓ ausveg.com.au |
| 奥卡纳根-库特尼不育昆虫释放计划使苹小卷叶蛾防治的每英亩农药使用量减少96%。 “A 96% reduction in amount of pesticide use per acre for controlling codling moth.” Canada · 2002-2022 · large measured reduction of the old process | weak (company, news, market research, other) ✓ archive.ipmsymposium.org |
| 在头十年中，超过一半的佛罗里达草莓种植者采用了草莓咨询系统，杀菌剂使用量减少30–50%。 “Just over half of Florida's strawberry growers have adopted the Strawberry Advisory System in its first decade of existence, reducing their use of fungicides by 30–50 percent.” USA · 2004-2014 · majority share of a major market | weak (company, news, market research, other) ✓ toolkit.nemac.org |
| 对决策支持系统（DSS）的荟萃分析表明，与基于日历的方案相比，在不影响防效的情况下有潜力减少至少50%的杀菌剂使用。 “meta-analysis of DSS strategies indicated the possibility of reducing sprays by at least 50% compared to calendar programmes without compromising control.” global · 2026 · not applicable | weak (company, news, market research, other) ✓ farmportal.eu |
| 南澳脆片土豆采用IPM使生产成本每公顷降低200–300美元。 “Under IPM, most growers have reduced the number of sprays by 3 to 4 per crop. This translates to reduced production costs of $200-$300/hectare.” Australia · 1996 · not applicable | weak (company, news, market research, other) ✓ ausveg.com.au |
| OKSIR计划为生产者和社会带来的效益成本比为每1美元成本产生2.5美元效益。 “a recent cost-benefit analysis conducted revealed that, on both commercial and non-commercial properties, for every $1 in cost there was $2.5 in benefit, both for the producers and for society as a whole” Canada · 2022 · not applicable | weak (company, news, market research, other) ✓ archive.ipmsymposium.org |
| 监管压力（包括欧盟指令2009/128/EC和有效成分退市）是实施IPM做法的主要驱动因素。 “The introduction of obligations to apply the integrated pest management principles by all professional pesticide users results from the provisions of Art 14 of Directive 2009/128 /EC and Art. 55 of Regulation No. 1107/2009/EC.” EU · 2017 · not applicable | weak (company, news, market research, other) ✓ foliaaapz.zut.edu.pl |
| 在西欧，近50%的苹果和梨种植面积在综合果品生产（IFP）计划下管理。 “Moreover, as an outcome of the latest European directives the market demand on IFP is steadily increasing and during the last years, almost 50% of the apple and the pear acreage in Western Europe are managed under an IFP program [16].” Western Europe · 2015 · minority but measured share or volume | peer-reviewed ✓ www.mdpi.com |
| 更大面积采用综合果品生产（IFP）使常规农药施用减少30%。 “Since 1991, the cultivated apple area has increased over 40%, while the adoption of IFP in larger areas has led also the means for marketing IFP labeled fruit and which resulted up to 30% decrease in conventional pesticide application and increased usage of biorational and environmentally friendly pesticides.” Western Europe · 1991-2015 · large measured reduction of the old process | peer-reviewed ✓ www.mdpi.com |
| 在荷兰，基于生物防治的IPM用于超过90%的温室番茄、黄瓜和甜椒生产。 “In Europe, IPM based around biological control is used on over 90 per cent of greenhouse tomato, cucumber and sweet pepper production in The Netherlands [18] and is standard practice for greenhouse crops in the UK.” The Netherlands · 2011 · majority share of a major market | peer-reviewed ✓ pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |
| 基于阈值的杀虫剂方案比基于日历的方案减少44%的杀虫剂施用。 “In total, threshold-based insecticide programs reduced applications by 44% compared to calendar-based insecticide programs.” global · 1970-2022 · large measured reduction of the old process | peer-reviewed ✓ www.nature.com |
| 基于阈值的杀虫剂方案比基于日历的方案降低39%的相关成本。 “This reduction in insecticide resulted in a 39% decrease in insecticide cost in threshold-based insecticide programs (n = 36) (Fig. 3b).” global · 1970-2022 · | peer-reviewed ✓ www.nature.com |
| AI引导的精准点喷比常规全面喷施减少72.4%的化学有效成分用量。 “Across multi-crop field trials (tomato and cotton) over two consecutive seasons (2024–2025; n = 48 experimental plots), AI-guided micro-spot applications reduced chemical active ingredient volume by 72.4% compared to conventional broadcast spraying (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 4.12).” multi-country or global · 2024-2025 · | weak (company, news, market research, other) ✓ amresearchjournal.com |
| 2020-21季，基于AI的有害生物管理咨询使印度棉农收入提高最多22%。 “Artificial intelligence (AI) based pest management advisory based on integrated pest management (IPM) to cotton farmers on smartphone by resulted in pest attack reduction & up to 22% higher income in the 1 year- 2020-21 in Ranebennur, Karnataka &Wardha, Maharashtra states.” India · 2020-21 · | peer-reviewed ✓ exa.ai |
| Trapview有超过1,000个诱捕器在使用，帮助生产了超过1,200万吨食物，减少CO2排放9,337吨，节省59,847小时人工，为种植者节省超过1.3亿欧元成本。 “There are over 1000 traps in use. ... The 1000+ installed devices have helped produce over 12 million tons of food, have reduced CO2 emissions by 9 337 tons, have supported 59 847 hours of labour savings and have saved growers over EUR 130 million in costs (as of September 2022).” global · as of September 2022 · not applicable | government or intergovernmental ✓ agritechobservatory.review.fao.org |
| 在日本和韩国，AI相机诱捕器试点项目显示农药施用成本降低35%。 “Japan and South Korea are at the frontier of deploying AI-powered camera traps capable of processing thousands of insect images per hour, with pilot programs demonstrating a 35% reduction in pesticide application costs.” Japan and South Korea · 2025 · pilot or niche | weak (company, news, market research, other) ✓ dataintelo.com |
| 受控试验表明，联网监测平台可将农药施用频次降低30–50%，同时保持相当的植保效果。 “Connected monitoring platforms have demonstrated the ability to reduce pesticide application frequency by 30-50% while maintaining equivalent crop protection outcomes in controlled trials, delivering both cost savings of up to $45 per hectare per season and environmental benefits through reduced chemical load on …” global · 2025 · large measured reduction of the old process | weak (company, news, market research, other) ✓ dataintelo.com |
| 截至2025年，Semios为管理超过300,000英亩高价值作物的客户提供服务。 “Semios Technologies (Canada) has established a strong market position in North American tree fruit, nut, and wine grape production through its connected monitoring platform that integrates pheromone-based insect traps with weather stations, mating disruption dispensers, and automated spray decision support tools, …” North America · 2025 · minority but measured share or volume | weak (company, news, market research, other) ✓ dataintelo.com |
| Spensa Technologies已在美国中西部超过100万英亩农田部署监测网络。 “Spensa Technologies (USA), operating its NEXUS platform, provides automated trap systems with real-time insect counting and identification for corn and soybean production, having deployed monitoring networks across over 1 million acres of Midwestern U.S. farmland.” USA · 2025 · minority but measured share or volume | weak (company, news, market research, other) ✓ dataintelo.com |
| 2025年，北美和欧洲部署了超过120万个带传感器的诱捕器，与常规巡查相比农药使用量减少约30%。 “In 2025, more than 1.2 million sensor-equipped traps were deployed across North America and Europe, delivering real‑time alerts with an average detection accuracy of 92 %. This precision enables growers to target interventions within a 24‑hour window, cutting pesticide use by roughly 30 % compared with conventional …” North America and Europe · 2025 · large measured reduction of the old process | weak (company, news, market research, other) ✓ www.intelmarketresearch.com |
| 据美国EPA报告，自2020年以来，实施带监测技术的有害生物综合管理系统的农场农药使用量减少40%。 “The US EPA has reported a 40% reduction in pesticide usage on farms implementing integrated pest management systems with monitoring technology since 2020, demonstrating their environmental benefits while maintaining crop yields.” USA · since 2020 · large measured reduction of the old process | weak (company, news, market research, other) ✓ www.intelmarketresearch.com |
| 葡萄牙正在部署全国自动化有害生物监测系统，已部署2,000个监测站和超过1,300个自动清洁诱捕器。 “The initiative will see 2000 monitoring stations installed across vineyards and orchards, establishing a fully connected, data-driven infrastructure for crop protection. ... With more than 1300 automated, self-cleaning traps already deployed, Trapview is the technological backbone of the project, delivering continuous …” Portugal · 2026 · large measured reduction of the old process | weak (company, news, market research, other) ✓ trapview.com |
| 领先系统相比日历喷施可减少40–70%的杀虫剂用量。 “Leading systems reduce insecticide volumes 40-70 % versus calendar spraying while maintaining or improving yield through precise IPM timing.” global · 2026-2031 · large measured reduction of the old process | weak (company, news, market research, other) ✓ www.giiresearch.com |
详情
替代(部分):按日历喷洒的防治方案 · 范围:马铃薯、葡萄、苹果、谷物、蔬菜、果园 · 证据:高(决策支持)、中(自动孢子捕捉器)
化学问题#
- 许多农场“以防万一”地每7–10天喷一次保护性杀菌剂,杀虫剂则按固定日期施用,全然不顾真实的侵染或虫口压力。
- 随着代森锰锌和百菌清等保护剂退出欧盟市场,留下的每一喷都必须有效。
- 欧盟法律已要求有害生物综合治理(指令2009/128/EC):先监测和阈值,后处理。
产品概览#
- 病害预测模型——气象驱动的侵染风险模型(晚疫病、苹果黑星病、葡萄霜霉/白粉病、壳针孢、镰刀菌),以App或咨询服务交付。
- 孢子捕捉器——捕集真菌孢子的空气采样器;配合qPCR或图像分析,可在症状出现前检出接种体。
- 信息素和智能诱捕器——针对蛾类和实蝇的诱捕器,日益配备摄像头和自动计数(链接A37)。
- 田间和实验室诊断——面向种子、种植材料和疫情暴发的分子植物病原检测(PCR、LAMP、ELISA)。
- 遥感——卫星和无人机影像,定向踏查。
活性成分 / 组成#
- 信息:气象数据、模型、诱捕计数、病原DNA检测。投入品为传感器、诱捕器、诱芯、试剂和软件。
关键事实#
| 参数 | 数值 |
|---|---|
| 决策支持系统 | 综述显示,在模型经本地验证的条件下,预测系统可可靠地减少喷药 |
| 空气采样 | 孢子捕捉器的分子检测可在可见发病前提供数天预警 |
| 信息素监测 | IPM果园和棉田的标配;按害虫设定阈值 |
| 监管 | 欧盟的IPM义务(指令2009/128/EC);采购方标准(GLOBALG.A.P.)要求监测记录 |
优势#
- 同等防护下喷药更少 → 成本更低、残留更少。
- 时机更准使每一喷(生物或化学)更有效。
- 监测数据向买家和监管方证明IPM合规。
- 让生物产品变得可行:在正确时刻施用,它们效果最好。
作用方式#
- 模型根据叶面湿润时间、温度和湿度计算侵染期;仅在风险期前或刚过后喷药。
- 孢子捕捉器测量接种体的存在;无接种体,不喷药。
- 诱捕计数与阈值比较,仅在必要时触发防治。
应用#
| 作物 | 目标 | 方法、时机与要点 |
|---|---|---|
| 马铃薯 | 晚疫病 | 基于预测的喷药;与抗病品种结合(SG01) |
| 葡萄 | 霜霉/白粉病 | 侵染模型+孢子捕捉器;PIWI品种上减少喷药 |
| 苹果 | 黑星病、苹小卷叶蛾 | 黑星病侵染模型;信息素诱捕与积温模型把握蛾类时机 |
| 棉花、蔬菜 | 棉铃虫、实蝇 | 信息素诱捕配行动阈值 |
| 种子和种植材料 | 洁净起点 | 对种子批和种苗做PCR/ELISA检测 |
局限#
- 模型必须针对本地气候和品种验证。
- 需要气象站、诱捕器维护和农户信任。
- 许多地区咨询服务薄弱;小农户需要合作社或农资经销商支持。
- 部分病原和害虫缺乏经验证的模型。
替代证据——D2:可度量的替代(少数份额)#
**评估(人工复核):**相邻:荷兰温室番茄、黄瓜和甜椒90%以上采用以生物防治为基础的IPM;基于阈值的方案比日历喷洒减少44%的杀虫剂施用(多国荟萃分析,同行评审)。自动诱捕器的采用:仅见市场研究。
已找到的数字（引文已核实，但上文的评估说明了为何它们不计入此项替代方案的替代证据）：
- 替代——在新西兰秋播小麦试验中,IPM管理的作物与常规作物相比,杀虫剂施用减少50%,产量和病害无显著差异。(新西兰,2008–2010;同行评审:exa.ai)
- 替代——在西欧,近50%的苹果和梨种植面积在综合果品生产(IFP)项目下管理。(西欧,2015;同行评审:mdpi.com)
- 替代——综合果品生产(IFP)在更大范围的推广已使常规农药施用减少30%。(西欧,1991–2015;同行评审:mdpi.com)
- 替代——在荷兰,基于生物防治的IPM应用于90%以上的温室番茄、黄瓜和甜椒生产。(荷兰,2011;同行评审:pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
行业先行者——将此项替代商业化的公司#
| 公司 | 来源原话 | 来源 | | Trapview | 在一项苹果保护试验中,使用Trapview相比常规虫情监测和决策减少了40%的喷药。 | 弱:laureateimports.com | | Semios | Semios信息素技术减少了苹果园对多次农药喷洒的需求。 | 弱:agriculture-xprt.com |
供应商——真实的产品与服务（来自供应商索引）#
在营供应商——其自身卡片列有害虫监测诱捕器、病害/虫害预警服务或植物病原诊断。
| 公司 | 地区 · 国家 | 索引信息 | 卡片 | | Insect Science | 非洲/中东 · 南非 | 用于早期害虫监测的信息素诱捕器 | 卡片 | | Trust Seeds | 非洲/中东 · 约旦 | 分子植物病原检测认证检测中心 | 卡片 | | CenGen | 非洲/中东 · 南非 | 分子病原检测和基因分型 | 卡片 | | SIMA | 拉美 · 阿根廷 | 卫星作物监测与早期问题发现 | 卡片 | | Agri Phero Solutionz | 亚洲 · 印度 | 用于早期害虫监测的诱捕器和诱芯 | 卡片 | | Ecoman Biotech, China | 亚洲 · 中国 | 害虫监测网络、智能收集系统 | 卡片 | | 瑞丰生物科技集团(广州) | 亚洲 · 中国 | 害虫智能监测预警系统 | 卡片 | | CropIn | 亚洲 · 印度 | 具备预测模型和决策支持的AI平台 | 卡片 | | ACI SEED | 亚洲 · 孟加拉国 | 病虫害预警和咨询服务 | 卡片 | | Chemiseed Sdn. Bhd. | 亚洲 · 马来西亚 | 油棕犀角甲IPM用信息素诱捕器(RB Lure) | 卡片 | | SONKUL AGRO INDUSTRIES PVT. LTD. | 亚洲 · 印度 | 粘板、信息素诱捕器和诱芯 | 卡片 | | Indore Biotech Inputs & Research Pvt Ltd | 亚洲 · 印度 | 生物投入品中的信息素诱捕器 | 卡片 | | Semios | 北美 · 加拿大 | IoT害虫监测、AI分析及信息素投放 | 卡片 |
政府资助信号#
2026-10-01扫描(OpenAIRE + NSF);候选项目经人工复核。
信号:弱。“孢子捕捉器”检索到的大多无关;相关命中为捷克MSM LD15046(Gibberella circinata的检测与预警)和LD12031(Dothistroma分布)。晚疫病检索还发现了捷克MZE QJ1210305(结合预测的晚疫病综合治理)。决策支持主要由各国推广服务机构资助。
科学证据#
- Gent DH, Mahaffee WF, McRoberts N, Pfender WF (2013). The use and role of predictive systems in disease management. Annual Review of Phytopathology 51: 267–289.
- West JS, Kimber RBE (2015). Innovations in air sampling to detect plant pathogens. Annals of Applied Biology 166: 4–17.
- Pertot I, Caffi T, Rossi V, et al. (2017). A critical review of plant protection tools for reducing pesticide use on grapevine and new perspectives for the implementation of IPM in viticulture. Crop Protection 97: 70–84.
生物经济价值#
信息是让每种生物产品更好发挥作用的投入。诱捕器、诱芯和诊断与生物农药走同一分销渠道,本合集因此为作物保护目录增添了一条监测产品线。
交叉链接:A37信息素;A16晚疫病;A19苹果黑星病;SG01抗性品种;DX01畜牧诊断。