知识图谱
原料、法规、生物体、集群和生态系统服务通过带类型的关系相连,每条关系均有来源和证据等级支撑。原料 35
| 名称 | 类型 | 关系 | 证据 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 乙醇工厂生物源二氧化碳 High-purity fermentation CO2 from corn/sugarcane ethanol plants; ~120 US ethanol plants already capture or plan to capture it (Ethanol Producer Magazine 2024) for food-grade use, CCUS and e-fuels. | co2 · US Corn Belt, Brazil, EU | – | R |
| 血粉 Dried slaughterhouse blood rendered to high-protein (80-90%) meal; used in feed formulations and organic fertilizer, with biogas/protein-recovery routes emerging. | animal-byproducts · US, China, Brazil, EU, Australia | – | R |
| 亚麻荠油 Low-input rotation oilseed (Brassicaceae) with high oil content; USDA-ARS and Navy/CAAFI programs developed it as a jet-fuel rotation crop in the US Pacific Northwest and Montana. | oils-fats · US (Montana, Pacific Northwest), Canada, EU (rotational trials) | – | V |
| 点源二氧化碳(工业烟气) Concentrated CO2 streams from ethanol fermenters, cement, ammonia and power plants; feedstock for gas fermentation (CO/H2/CO2) and e-fuel synthesis. | co2 · US Corn Belt (ethanol), China, EU (cement/ammonia hubs), Middle East | – | R |
| 玉米淀粉 Starch extracted from maize kernels by wet milling; the dominant 1G feedstock for US fuel ethanol, bioplastics (PLA) and fermentation platforms. | sugar-starch · US, China, Brazil, EU | R | |
| 玉米秸秆(茎叶残体) Stalks, leaves and cobs left after maize grain harvest; the largest single agricultural residue stream in the US Corn Belt and a model feedstock for commercial cellulosic ethanol (e.g., DuPont Nevada, POET-DSM). | lignocellulose · US (Corn Belt), China, Brazil, EU | – | R |
| 粗甘油(生物柴油副产物) Glycerol-rich co-product (~10 wt%) of transesterification biodiesel production; platform chemical and fermentation substrate (1,3-PDO, SCP) in oversupply since the biodiesel boom. | waste-msw · US, EU, Indonesia, Brazil, China | – | R |
| 直接空气捕集的二氧化碳 Atmospheric CO2 captured by solid/liquid DAC systems (Climeworks Mammoth, 1PointFive Stratos, Heirloom); ultra-clean feedstock for e-fuels and synthetic biology carbon routes. | co2 · Iceland (Climeworks), US (Texas, California), Canada, Switzerland | – | R |
| 羽毛粉 Hydrolyzed poultry feathers, a keratin-rich protein byproduct of slaughter (millions of tonnes/yr globally); feed ingredient and biostimulant feedstock. | animal-byproducts · China, US, Brazil, EU | – | R |
| 鱼加工下脚料 Heads, frames, skin and viscera from fish processing; raw material for fishmeal/fish oil, silage, and increasingly for protein hydrolysates and omega-3 recovery. | animal-byproducts · Chile, Peru, Norway, China, Iceland | – | R |
| 餐厨垃圾(食物废弃物) Pre- and post-consumer food losses from households, retail and food service; US generates ~40% of the food supply as loss/waste (USDA-ERS), a priority AD and upcycling substrate. | waste-msw · US, China, EU, Japan (food-recycling law) | – | R |
| 林业剩余物(采伐剩余物) Tops, branches and cull trees left after timber harvesting, plus thinnings; primary woody biomass used for wood chips, pellets and second-generation fuels. | lignocellulose · Sweden, Finland, Canada, US Pacific Northwest, Russia | – | R |
| 工业大麻(生物质/麻秆) Low-THC Cannabis sativa grown for fiber, hurd and seed; dual-purpose lignocellulosic crop under expanding legal frameworks (US 2018 Farm Bill, EU, China largest producer). | dedicated-crop · China, France, Canada, US, Russia | – | R |
| 甲烷/沼气 Anaerobic-digestion gas (60-70% CH4) from manure, sludge, OFMSW and crops; upgraded to biomethane (bio-CNG/LNG) or used for CHP. | gas · Germany, China, US, Denmark, India |
| R |
| 微藻(原生菌株) Photosynthetic unicellular algae (Chlorella, Spirulina, Nannochloropsis) cultivated in open ponds/photobioreactors for protein, omega-3, pigments and fuels. | algae · China, India, US (Hawaii, New Mexico), Israel, Japan | – | V |
| 城市生活垃圾有机组分 Sorted biodegradable fraction of household/commercial MSW (food, yard, paper); standardized substrate for AD and emerging gasification-to-fuels. | waste-msw · EU (Germany, Italy, Spain), China, US, India |
| R |
| 城市木质废弃物 Post-consumer and construction-and-demolition wood from municipal streams (pallets, furniture, C&D timber), sorted for recycling, energy or upgrading. | lignocellulose · EU, US, Japan, South Korea | – | R |
| 天然气(作为发酵原料) Fossil methane used as carbon/energy source for single-cell protein (e.g., UniBead/Calysta-style gas fermentation) and methanotroph platforms. | gas · US, Russia, Qatar, Norway, China |
| R |
| 棕榈油 Edible oil from oil-palm fruit; world's largest vegetable-oil output, used in oleochemistry, FAME biodiesel and HEFA where sustainability criteria (RSPO/ISPO, RED) permit. | oils-fats · Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Nigeria |
| R |
| 杨树短轮伐期人工林 Fast-growing poplar/willow plantations harvested on 2-5 year cycles for woody biomass; energy-forest model across EU, North America and China. | dedicated-crop · EU (Sweden, Italy, Poland), US, China, Canada | – | R |
| 马铃薯淀粉 Starch from potato tubers and potato-processing side streams (peels, rejects); feedstock for biodegradable films, fermentation and regional ethanol. | sugar-starch · EU (Netherlands, Germany, Poland), China, Russia | – | R |
| 菜籽油 Oil pressed from brassica seeds; Europe's main domestically grown biodiesel feedstock and a key food/canola-oil crop in Canada and China. | oils-fats · EU (Germany, France), Canada, China, India, Australia |
| R |
| 海藻(大型藻) Marine macroalgae (saccharina, porphyra, gracilaria) farmed at million-tonne scale; feed, food, hydrocolloids and emerging biofuels/biostimulants. China and Indonesia supply ~2/3 of world output (FAO SOFIA 2024: seaweed ~35 Mt wet). | algae · China, Indonesia, South Korea, Japan, Philippines | – | R |
| 大豆油 Vegetable oil from soybeans; the largest US biodiesel and renewable-diesel feedstock, co-product of soy-meal protein crushing. | oils-fats · US, Brazil, Argentina, China (imports) | – | R |
| 钢厂煤气(高炉/转炉/焦炉煤气) CO-rich blast-furnace, basic-oxygen-furnace and coke-oven gases; converted to ethanol by acetogenic gas fermentation at commercial scale (ArcelorMittal Gent Steelanol with LanzaTech, 80M L/yr from 2023; also LanzaTech-Shougang in China). | gas · Belgium (ArcelorMittal Gent), China (Shougang, Capital Steel), India (Tata Steel trials), Japan |
| V |
| 甘蔗渣 Fibrous residue of sugarcane after crushing, burned for cogen energy at mills and emerging as a cellulosic-ethanol substrate; Brazil and India dominate supply. | lignocellulose · Brazil, India, Thailand, China (Guangxi) |
| R |
| 甘蔗糖(蔗糖) Soluble sugar from pressed sugarcane; Brazil's primary ethanol feedstock via direct juice fermentation and the anchor of sugar-platform biorefining. | sugar-starch · Brazil, India, Thailand, China | – | R |
| 柳枝稷/芒草 High-yielding perennial C4 grasses bred for lignocellulosic biomass on marginal land; flagship US (switchgrass) and EU (miscanthus) energy crops. | dedicated-crop · US, EU (UK, Germany, France), China | – | R |
| 合成气(气化合成气) H2/CO-rich gas produced by gasifying biomass, MSW or agricultural residues; platform intermediate for thermochemical and biological upgrading. | gas · US, EU, Japan, China | – | R |
| 牛脂(动物脂肪) Rendered fat from ruminants and other livestock slaughter; Category-3 animal-byproduct fat widely used in oleochemistry and as a biofuel (FAME/HEFA) feedstock. | oils-fats · US, Australia, New Zealand, Brazil, EU |
| R |
| 废弃食用油 Post-consumer/restaurant waste fats and oils collected for recycling; the principal advanced-biodiesel and HVO/SAF feedstock, with China a top exporter to the EU/US. | oils-fats · China, US, EU (Netherlands, Germany), Indonesia, Malaysia |
| R |
| 污水污泥 Primary/secondary sludge from municipal wastewater treatment; digested for biogas and energy recovery, with biosolids reuse or incineration downstream. | waste-msw · China, EU, US, Japan | – | R |
| 小麦(粮谷) Cereal grain used as starch/sugar platform for fuel ethanol and fermentation where policy allows (e.g., EU/UK wheat ethanol plants, Russian grain biotech hubs). | sugar-starch · EU (France, Germany), UK, Russia, Ukraine, China | – | R |
| 小麦秸秆 Cereal residue (stalks, leaves, ears) left on the field after wheat harvest; a leading agricultural lignocellulosic residue traded internationally (HS 12.13). | lignocellulose · China, India, EU (France, Germany), Russia, Canada, US | – | R |
| 乳清(渗透液) Lactose-rich liquid co-product of cheese and whey-protein production; classical substrate for ethanol, SCP and lacto-fermentation (Ireland's Carbery model). | waste-msw · Ireland, New Zealand, US (Wisconsin), EU (Netherlands, Germany) | – | R |
法规 49
| 名称 | 类型 | 关系 | 证据 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 《2000年基因技术法》/OGTR监管框架(澳大利亚) Gene Technology Act 2000 (Cth) Australian gene technology scheme administered by the Office of the Gene Technology Regulator, the national counterpart framework for GM and novel breeding technologies. | AU · national-law · in-force · 2001 | – | R |
| 国家重建基金——医疗制造板块(澳大利亚) National Reconstruction Fund Corporation Act 2023 (Cth) NRF Corporation Act 2023 creates the investment vehicle with a dedicated medical-manufacturing allocation supporting domestic biomanufacturing per repo facts. | AU · national-law · in-force · 2024 | – | R |
| 巴西第11.105/2005号《生物安全法》(CTNBio框架) Lei 11.105/2005 Statute creating CTNBio and the approval regime for GMOs and derived products in Brazil. | BR · national-law · in-force · 2005-03-24 | – | L |
| 第12.044/2024号法令——巴西国家生物技术战略(ENB) Decreto 12.044/2024 Federal decree instituting the Brazilian National Biotechnology Strategy per repo facts; mapped to all 47 frames. | BR · policy-plan · in-force · 2024 | – | R |
| Planaveg 2025–2028——巴西国家原生植被恢复计划 null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) Brazilian national plan setting native-vegetation recovery targets and instruments for 2025-2028 per repo facts. | BR · policy-plan · adopted · 2025 | – | R |
| “十四五”生物经济发展规划 发改高技〔2021〕1850号 NDRC plan positioning the bioeconomy as a national strategic pillar for the 14th Five-Year period (publicly released 2022-05); mapped to all 47 frames per repo facts. | CN · policy-plan · adopted · 2021-12 | – | R |
| “十五五”规划纲要——生物经济相关内容 null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) 15th Five-Year Plan outline (2026) carries bioeconomy provisions per repo facts; mapped to all 47 frames. | CN · policy-plan · adopted · 2026 | – | R |
| 《农业转基因生物安全管理条例》 State Council Decree No. 304 State Council administrative regulation (Decree No. 304) governing safety assessment, production permits, imports and labeling of agricultural GMOs. | CN · national-law · in-force · 2001 | – | L |
| 《中华人民共和国生物安全法》 中华人民共和国生物安全法 Statutory PRC biosecurity regime covering biotechnology safety, pathogen lab management, biosecurity review and prevention of biological threats. | CN · national-law · in-force · 2021-04-15 | – | R |
| 《种业振兴行动方案》 null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) 2021 action plan for seed-industry revitalization covering germplasm resource protection, breeding innovation and intellectual-property enforcement. | CN · policy-plan · adopted · 2021-07 | – | R |
| 欧盟(EC)第1394/2007号先进治疗医学产品(ATMP)条例 CELEX 32007R1394 EU marketing-authorisation framework for advanced therapy medicinal products: gene therapy, somatic cell therapy and tissue-engineered products. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2007-12-30 | – | L |
| 欧盟第528/2012号杀生物产品条例 CELEX 32012R0528 EU approval regime for biocidal products and active substances, covering disinfectants, preservatives and pest-control agents. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2013-09-01 | – | L |
| 欧盟生物经济战略 COM(2025) COM(2025) EU Bioeconomy Strategy adopted 2025-11-27 per repo facts; cross-cutting framework mapped to all 47 industry frames. | EU · policy-plan · adopted · 2025-11-27 | – | R |
| 欧盟生物技术法案I(医疗健康与战略项目) null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) Adopted first pillar of the EU Biotech Act introducing strategic-project mechanisms with a healthcare focus (industry mapping inferred). | EU · regulation · adopted · 2026 | – | R |
| 欧盟生物技术法案II(工业生物技术与生物制造) null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) Draft 2026 second pillar of the EU Biotech Act focused on industrial biotechnology and biomanufacturing; call for evidence opened 2026-05 per repo facts. | EU · regulation · draft |
| R |
| 欧洲循环生物基联合事业(CBE JU)——欧盟理事会第2021/784号条例 CELEX 32021R0784 Establishes CBE JU with about EUR 2 billion under Horizon Europe (successor to BBI JU), the main EU public-private funding vehicle for biorefining and bio-based materials. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2021-04-28 | – | R |
| 欧盟第2023/1115号无毁林条例(EUDR) CELEX 32023R1115 Deforestation-free due diligence for cattle, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, rubber, soy and wood in EU supply chains; application deferred to 2025-12-30 for large operators. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2023-06-29 | – | R |
| 欧盟(EC)第1829/2003号转基因食品和饲料条例 CELEX 32003R1829 EU authorisation and labelling regime for GM food and feed, including the 0.9% adventitious-presence labelling threshold. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2004-04-18 | – | L |
| 第2001/18/EC号指令(转基因生物有意释放) CELEX 32001L0018 Baseline EU regime for environmental release and placing on the market of GMOs, against which the NGT framework is layered. | EU · directive · in-force · 2002-10-17 | – | L |
| 欧盟第2026/1388号新基因组技术(NGT)条例 CELEX 32026R1388 EU framework for plants obtained by targeted mutagenesis and cisgenesis, creating a distinct regulatory track for qualifying NGT plants alongside the classic GMO regime. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2026 |
| R |
| 欧盟第2015/2283号新型食品条例 CELEX 32015R2283 Pre-market authorisation and Union list for novel foods; the EU gateway for fermentation-derived, insect-derived and new plant-based ingredients. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2016-01-01 | – | L |
| 欧盟第2018/848号有机生产条例 CELEX 32018R0848 EU organic production and labelling regime, including rules on organic seed and propagating material relevant to breeding supply chains. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2022-01-01 | – | L |
| 欧盟第2025/40号包装和包装废弃物条例(PPWR) CELEX 32025R0040 EU packaging regulation with recyclability and recycled-content targets creating openings for bio-based packaging materials. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2025-02-11 | – | L |
| 欧盟(EC)第1907/2006号REACH法规 CELEX 32006R1907 EU registration, evaluation, authorisation and restriction regime for chemical substances, conditioning bio-based chemicals, dyes and packaging materials. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2007-06-01 |
| R |
| 欧盟第2023/2405号ReFuelEU航空条例 CELEX 32023R2405 SAF blending mandates at EU airports from 2% in 2025 rising toward 2050; the core EU demand-pull instrument for sustainable aviation fuel and biorefining. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2023-10-18 |
| R |
| 欧盟第2020/852号分类法条例 CELEX 32020R0852 Classification system for environmentally sustainable economic activities steering EU sustainable finance; bio-sector mapping inferred (repo fact gives no arrow mapping). | EU · regulation · in-force · 2020-07-12 | – | R |
| 印度BioE3政策(服务经济、环境和就业的生物技术) null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) Union Cabinet-approved 2024 policy prioritizing bio-based manufacturing, biofoundries and AI-enabled biology. | other · policy-plan · adopted · 2024-08 | – | R |
| 《禁止生物武器公约》 BWC 1972 Foundational treaty prohibiting biological and toxin weapons; anchor of the international biosecurity regime. | international · regulation · in-force · 1975-03-26 | – | L |
| 《卡塔赫纳生物安全议定书》 CBD Cartagena Protocol CBD protocol governing transboundary movement of living modified organisms via the advance informed agreement procedure; binding treaty typed regulation under the closed enum. | international · regulation · in-force · 2003-09-11 | – | R |
| 国际食品法典(Codex Alimentarius,粮农组织/世卫组织) Codex Alimentarius Joint FAO/WHO food standards, guidelines and codes of practice; the international reference for food safety, ingredient specifications and contaminant limits. | international · standard · in-force · 1963 | – | R |
| ICH Q7——原料药生产质量管理规范 ICH Q7 ICH GMP guideline for APIs including those derived by fermentation and cell culture; adopted into EU/US/JP regulatory practice. | international · standard · in-force · 2000-11 |
| R |
| ISCC认证体系(ISCC EU/ISCC PLUS) ISCC EU; ISCC PLUS Sustainability and GHG certification for biomass, biofuel and circular feedstocks, recognized under RED II/RED III as a voluntary scheme. | international · certification · in-force · 2010 | – | R |
| 《名古屋议定书》(获取和惠益分享) CBD Nagoya Protocol CBD protocol requiring fair benefit-sharing from genetic resources and traditional knowledge, driving ABS compliance in botanical sourcing and breeding; binding treaty typed regulation under the closed enum. | international · regulation · in-force · 2014-10-12 |
| R |
| RSB(可持续生物材料圆桌会议)标准 RSB-STD Sustainability certification including the RSB SAF standard used by fuel producers and airlines; ICAO-recognized CORSIA-eligible scheme (industry mapping inferred). | international · certification · in-force | – | R |
| Verra自然框架 v1.0 Verra Nature Framework v1.0 Verra framework for nature and biodiversity credit projects, published 2024-10 with certification opening 2025-11 per repo facts. | international · certification · in-force · 2025-11 |
| R |
| 世卫组织药品良好分销规范(GDP) WHO TRS (GDP) WHO good distribution practice baseline for the pharmaceutical supply chain, including cold-chain temperature control. | international · standard · in-force | – | R |
| 世卫组织《大流行协定》 WHO Pandemic Agreement (2025) WHO instrument adopted 2025-05-20 on pandemic prevention and response, including pathogen access and benefit-sharing (PABS annex pending ratifications). | international · regulation · adopted · 2025-05-20 | – | L |
| 日本生物经济战略(2024) null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) Cabinet/council decision of 2024-06-03 updating the Japanese bioeconomy strategy per repo facts. | other · policy-plan · adopted · 2024-06-03 | – | R |
| 韩国国家生物创新委员会治理框架 null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) Korean governance framework organized under the National Bio Innovation Committee in 2026-04 per repo facts (industry mapping inferred). | other · policy-plan · adopted · 2026-04 | – | R |
| 英国生物安全战略 null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) UK strategy published June 2023 to prevent, detect and respond to biological threats across human, animal and plant health. | UK · policy-plan · adopted · 2023-06 | – | R |
| 《2023年基因技术(精准育种)法》(英国) 2023 c. 6 England-only framework taking precision-bred organisms that carry no transgenic DNA outside the GMO marketing regime, with implementing regulations to follow. | UK · national-law · in-force · 2023-03-23 | – | R |
| 美国农业部APHIS SECURE规则(7 CFR第340部分) 7 CFR Part 340 USDA APHIS 2020 modernization of plant-pest regulations, exempting certain gene-edited plants that could otherwise have been developed through conventional breeding. | US · regulation · in-force · 2020 | – | L |
| 美国生物技术监管协调框架 51 FR 23302 (1986); 82 FR 33402 (2017) Product-based US oversight allocation across USDA, EPA and FDA, established 1986 and updated 2017. | US · policy-plan · in-force · 1986 | – | L |
| 美国第14081号行政令——推进生物技术和生物制造创新 EO 14081 Launched the US National Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing Initiative with whole-of-government biomanufacturing targets; rescinded by EO 14236 (2025-03). | US · executive-order · rescinded · 2022-09-12 | – | R |
| 美国第14236号行政令——撤销第14081号行政令 EO 14236 March 2025 executive order rescinding EO 14081 and winding down the federal biomanufacturing initiative it created, per repo facts. | US · executive-order · in-force · 2025-03 | – | R |
| 美国生物安全行政令(2025年5月8日) EO 2025-05-08 US executive order of 2025-05-08 on biosecurity per repo facts, addressing oversight and risk controls for biological research. | US · executive-order · in-force · 2025-05-08 | – | R |
| 美国环保署可再生燃料标准(RFS) 40 CFR Part 80; CAA 211(o) Clean Air Act Section 211(o) program with annual Renewable Volume Obligations and RIN credits; created by EPAct 2005, expanded by EISA 2007; the main US demand driver for renewable diesel and SAF. | US · regulation · in-force · 2005 | – | R |
| 美国《2026财年国防授权法》生物技术条款 NDAA FY2026 FY2026 National Defense Authorization Act (December 2025) carries biotech provisions implementing 12+ NSCEB recommendations including a National Biotech Coordination structure, per repo facts. | US · national-law · in-force · 2025-12 |
| R |
| 美国农业部BioPreferred计划 7 CFR Part 3201 US federal procurement preference and voluntary USDA Certified Biobased Product label for biobased content, grounded in the 2002 Farm Bill Section 9002. | US · certification · in-force · 2002 | – | R |
生物体 35
| 名称 | 类型 | 关系 | 证据 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 螺旋藻(节旋藻) Limnospira platensis (syn. Arthrospira platensis) | algal | – | V |
| 米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae) Aspergillus oryzae | yeast-fungal | – | V |
| 枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis) Bacillus subtilis | bacterial-chassis | – | V |
| BHK-21(幼仓鼠肾细胞) Mesocricetus auratus (BHK-21 cell line) | mammalian-cell-line | – | V |
| 亚麻荠(Camelina sativa) Camelina sativa | plant | – | V |
| CRISPR-Cas9 Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (SpCas9) | enzyme-class | – | V |
| 纤维素酶 Trichoderma reesei cellulase complex | enzyme-class | – | V |
| 小球藻(Chlorella) Chlorella spp. | algal | – | V |
| CHO细胞(中国仓鼠卵巢细胞) Cricetulus griseus (CHO cell lines) | mammalian-cell-line | – | V |
| 自养产乙醇梭菌(Clostridium autoethanogenum) Clostridium autoethanogenum | bacterial-chassis | – | V |
| 谷氨酸棒状杆菌(Corynebacterium glutamicum) Corynebacterium glutamicum | bacterial-chassis | – | V |
| 大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli) Escherichia coli | bacterial-chassis | – | V |
| Fusarium venenatum(Quorn真菌蛋白) Fusarium venenatum | yeast-fungal | – | V |
| 大豆(Glycine max) Glycine max | plant | – | V |
| 雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis) Haematococcus lacustris (syn. H. pluvialis) | algal | – | V |
| HEK293(人胚肾细胞) Homo sapiens (HEK293/293T cell lines) | mammalian-cell-line | – | V |
| 黑水虻(Hermetia illucens) Hermetia illucens | insect | – | V |
| 人诱导多能干细胞 Homo sapiens (hiPSC lines) | mammalian-cell-line | – | V |
| 毕赤酵母/Komagataella phaffii Komagataella phaffii (syn. Pichia pastoris) | yeast-fungal | – | V |
| 漆酶 Trametes versicolor laccase | enzyme-class | – | V |
| 脂肪酶 Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) | enzyme-class | – | V |
| 高山被孢霉(Mortierella alpina) Mortierella alpina | yeast-fungal | – | V |
| 微拟球藻(Nannochloropsis) Nannochloropsis spp. | algal | – | V |
| 本氏烟草(Nicotiana benthamiana) Nicotiana benthamiana | plant | – | V |
| 固氮酶 Azotobacter vinelandii nitrogenase (NifDK/NifH) | enzyme-class | – | V |
| 噬菌体鸡尾酒 polyvalent bacteriophage mixtures (polyphyletic) | phage | – | L |
| 恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida) Pseudomonas putida | bacterial-chassis | – | V |
| 酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae,面包/啤酒酵母) Saccharomyces cerevisiae | yeast-fungal | – | V |
| 链霉菌属(Streptomyces spp.) Streptomyces spp. | bacterial-chassis | – | V |
| T4噬菌体 Enterobacteria phage T4 | phage | – | V |
| Taq聚合酶 Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase I | enzyme-class | – | V |
| 黄粉虫(Tenebrio molitor) Tenebrio molitor | insect | – | V |
| Vero细胞 Chlorocebus sabaeus (Vero cell line) | mammalian-cell-line | – | V |
| 解脂耶氏酵母(Yarrowia lipolytica) Yarrowia lipolytica | yeast-fungal | – | V |
| 玉米(Zea mays) Zea mays | plant | – | V |
集群 28
| 名称 | 类型 | 关系 | 证据 |
|---|---|---|---|
| BioEast倡议——摩拉维亚集群(捷克) Czechia's regional-cluster variant inside National RIS3 smart-specialisation | regional-cluster · CZ/CEE | – | R |
| BiOrbic——爱尔兰生物经济研究中心 Ireland's national bioeconomy research centre (GBS co-org) | research-institute · IE | – | R |
| BioRural——欧洲农村生物经济网络 550+ stakeholders; small-scale rural bio-solutions toolkit; White Paper on EU strategy consultation (2025-08) | eu-network · EU | – | R |
| 中科院深圳先进院/上海生物铸造厂项目 Chinese Academy of Sciences biofoundry-capacity programs | biofoundry · CN | – | R |
| 加泰罗尼亚生物经济中心(BioHubCat) regional bioeconomy hub (GBS co-org) | regional-cluster · ES | – | R |
| CENIBiot(哥斯达黎加) national biotechnology institute anchoring green+blue bioeconomy sectors | research-institute · CR | – | R |
| SPRING集群——意大利循环生物经济集群 national circular-bioeconomy cluster (GBS co-org) | regional-cluster · IT | – | R |
| 加纳科学与工业研究理事会(CSIR-Ghana)下属研究所 public research system for biotech crops, with National Biosafety Authority | research-institute · GH | – | R |
| DBFZ——德国生物质研究中心 biomass research centre (GBS co-org) | research-institute · DE | – | R |
| 敏捷生物铸造厂(美国能源部) DOE-funded biodesign/biomanufacturing infrastructure consortium | biofoundry · US | – | R |
| 欧洲森林研究所(EFI)生物区域机制 regional bioeconomy monitoring hub; per-region factsheets (our playbook format) | eu-network · EU multi-region | – | V |
| Embrapa——巴西农业研究公司 Brazil's agricultural research system (GBS WS1 co-org) | research-institute · BR | – | R |
| 欧洲生物经济大学(EBU) alliance of European universities with bioeconomy education/skills mandate (GBS WS17 co-org) | eu-network · EU | – | R |
| IBISBA EU industrial-biotechnology research infrastructure (GBS co-org) | research-institute · EU | – | R |
| ICABR——国际应用生物经济研究联盟 applied bioeconomics research network (GBS co-org) | eu-network · international | – | R |
| icipe——国际昆虫生理与生态中心 insect science incl. insect-protein/BSF axis (GBS co-org) | research-institute · KE | – | R |
| 国际生物经济论坛(IBF,3个工作组) inter-governmental bioeconomy policy forum: biorefineries WG, forest WG (GBS co-org) | eu-network · international | – | R |
| IUNG——土壤科学与作物栽培研究所(波兰) carries Poland's bioeconomy reporting within RPW frameworks | research-institute · PL | – | R |
| 韩国国家生物铸造厂 national biofoundry program (MSIT line) | biofoundry · KR | – | R |
| 莱布尼茨农业工程与生物经济研究所(ATB) agri-engineering/bioeconomy institute (GBS co-org) | research-institute · DE | – | R |
| Luxinnovation集群(卢森堡) national innovation-agency cluster model carrying bioresources/biotech within circular-economy strategy | regional-cluster · LU | – | R |
| 美国国家科学基金会国家生物铸造厂网络(含伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校iBioFoundry) public national biofoundry network; $1.5B X-Labs with Ginkgo access | biofoundry · US | – | R |
| 巴黎生物铸造厂(法国) French public biofoundry | biofoundry · FR | – | R |
| 昆士兰—德国生物经济合作科学计划 state-level bilateral bioeconomy R&D program | regional-cluster · AU/DE | – | R |
| 莱茵矿区(德国褐煤结构转型地区) lignite-phase-out bioeconomy transformation region | regional-cluster · DE | – | R |
| SynCTI(新加坡) Singapore synthetic/foundry infrastructure | biofoundry · SG | – | R |
| Teagasc——爱尔兰农业与食品发展局 Irish state agri-food research authority (GBS co-org x2) | research-institute · IE | – | R |
| 英国SynBiCT/伦敦生物铸造厂 UK public biofoundry capacity | biofoundry · UK | – | R |
生态系统服务 18
| 名称 | 类型 | 关系 | 证据 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 美学与文化遗产价值 Biophilic and heritage value of species-rich landscapes and design-integrated nature, contributing to place identity and property premiums. | cultural | – | L |
| 空气过滤 Deposition of particulate matter (PM2.5/PM10) and uptake of gaseous pollutants by urban forest canopy, green walls and air-biofiltration systems. | regulating | – | L |
| 碳封存(固碳) Long-term removal and storage of atmospheric CO2 in forest biomass and soils, in BECCS value chains, and in coastal blue-carbon ecosystems (mangroves, seagrass, salt marsh). | regulating | – | L |
| 海岸风暴防护 Wave-energy attenuation and storm-surge buffering by mangroves, reefs, dunes and salt marshes protecting coastal assets and settlements. | regulating | – | L |
| 疾病调节 Reduced transmission of vector-borne and zoonotic disease via the biodiversity-dilution effect and intact habitat configurations. | regulating | – | L |
| 洪水与雨水径流调节 Attenuation and detention of stormwater and riverine peak flows by vegetated basins, wetlands and permeable surfaces (Copenhagen cloudburst plan, sponge-city designs). | regulating | – | L |
| 食物与纤维供给(农林复合) Joint production of food and fibre crops within agroforestry and regenerative farming systems. | provisioning | – | L |
| 森林浴/心理健康 Shinrin-yoku style immersive forest visits with measured stress-reduction and mental-health outcomes, sold as wellness programmes. | cultural | – | L |
| 淡水供给 Sustained baseflow, aquifer recharge and storage supplying drinking and irrigation water from protected watersheds. | provisioning | – | L |
| 遗传资源 Conserved genetic material from seed banks, gene pools and in-situ populations available for breeding and bioprospecting under Nagoya access-and-benefit-sharing. | provisioning | – | L |
| 药用与生化资源 Botanical raw materials and biochemical compounds for phytomedicine and wellness products from cultivated and sustainably harvested wild sources. | provisioning | – | L |
| 害虫调节 Suppression of crop pests by natural enemies under biocontrol programmes and habitat management, reducing pesticide inputs. | regulating | – | L |
| 授粉 Crop and wild-plant pollination by managed and wild pollinators supported by pollinator habitat and urban pollinator infrastructure. | regulating | – | L |
| 休闲与生态旅游 Nature-based leisure and wildlife tourism (birding, safari, diving) generating gate and service revenue in restored and protected landscapes. | cultural | – | L |
| 土壤形成与肥力 Formation of soil organic matter, nutrient cycling and aggregate stability that restore fertility under regenerative agriculture and restored sites. | regulating | – | L |
| 木材供给 Sustainably harvested wood for mass-timber construction from managed or restored forest stands. | provisioning | – | L |
| 城市降温 Local air- and surface-temperature reduction through tree canopy, green corridors and evapotranspirative infrastructure in heat-stressed cities. | regulating | – | L |
| 水体净化 Removal of nutrients, pathogens and pollutants from municipal and agricultural effluents by constructed wetlands and biota-mediated filtration. | regulating | – | L |
其他实体之间的关系 56
- Cryoport Systems 供应给 生物制剂与细胞基因治疗生产商(低温物流) R
- Envirotainer 供应给 药品托运商(合格容器租赁) R
- 三星生物制剂(Samsung Biologics) 供应给 生物制药客户 R
- 龙沙(Lonza) 供应给 生物制药客户 R
- 药明生物(WuXi Biologics) 供应给 全球生物技术客户 R
- Ginkgo Bioworks(银杏生物工场) 供应给 美国国家科学基金会X-Labs研究人员 R
- NatureMetrics 供应给 生物多样性信用项目(基于eDNA的MRV) R
- Veramaris(帝斯曼与赢创合资企业) 供应给 水产饲料生产商 R
- 味之素 供应给 食品工业(氨基酸) R
- 龙沙(Lonza) 竞争对手 三星生物制剂(Samsung Biologics) R
- 三星生物制剂(Samsung Biologics) 竞争对手 药明生物(WuXi Biologics) R
- 药明生物(WuXi Biologics) 竞争对手 康泰伦特(Catalent) R
- 龙沙(Lonza) 竞争对手 康泰伦特(Catalent) R
- 三星生物制剂(Samsung Biologics) 竞争对手 康泰伦特(Catalent) R
- 龙沙(Lonza) 竞争对手 药明生物(WuXi Biologics) R
- 耐思特(Neste) 竞争对手 World Energy R
- World Energy 竞争对手 Gevo R
- 耐思特(Neste) 竞争对手 Gevo R
- Perfect Day 竞争对手 Onego Bio R
- ZinCo 竞争对手 Sempergreen R
- Sempergreen 竞争对手 Optigreen R
- Optigreen 竞争对手 LiveRoof R
- ZinCo 竞争对手 LiveRoof R
- 硕腾(Zoetis) 竞争对手 礼蓝动保(Elanco) R
- 礼蓝动保(Elanco) 竞争对手 默沙东动物保健(Merck Animal Health) R
- 默沙东动物保健(Merck Animal Health) 竞争对手 诗华(Ceva) R
- 硕腾(Zoetis) 竞争对手 诗华(Ceva) R
- 诺和控股(Novo Holdings) 收购 康泰伦特(Catalent) R
- Lone Star Funds(孤星基金) 收购 龙沙资产剥离(2026年3月出售) R
- Bansk Group 收购 Phibro(PAHC) R
- Synthesis Capital 投资于 Perfect Day V
- 企业风险投资(CVC) 投资于 PF联盟成员企业 L
- 昆士兰州(澳大利亚) 合作方 德国 R
- 欧盟委员会 合作方 生物基产业联盟(Bio-based Industries Consortium) R
- Ginkgo Bioworks(生物安全业务线) 合作方 美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC) R
- Ginkgo Bioworks(银杏生物工场) 合作方 Ceres Nanosciences L
- GBA成员生物铸造厂(英、美、法、中、新、韩等) 合作方 全球生物铸造厂联盟网络 R
- 爱尔兰 合作方 欧盟 R 未核实
- 藻油 来源于 二氧化碳+光 R
- 真菌蛋白 来源于 葡萄糖 V
- Perimeter Systems 分拆自 Ginkgo Bioworks(生物安全部门) R
- LanzaJet 分拆自 LanzaTech R
- Isomorphic Labs 分拆自 DeepMind(深度思维,Alphabet旗下) R
- Calico Life Sciences 分拆自 Alphabet(谷歌母公司) R
- 抗微生物药物耐药性(AMR) 威胁 制药与生物制剂 R
- 大流行病原体 威胁 所有行业(系统性风险) L
- 入侵物种 威胁 生态系统修复 R
- PFAS污染 威胁 水与土壤系统 R
- 生物监测(Perimeter Systems Biothreat Radar) 保护 公共卫生与生物制药 R
- 人工湿地与生物滞留 保护 城市水系统 R
- 传粉昆虫基础设施(蜜蜂廊道、昆虫旅馆) 保护 作物保护/授粉服务 R
- CBE JU(欧洲循环生物基联合事业) 资助 生物炼制与生物材料 R
- CBE JU(欧洲循环生物基联合事业) 资助 生物铸造厂 R
- “地平线欧洲”第6集群 资助 农业/再生农业与自然资源 R
- 日本生物制造预算包(约1万亿日元量级) 资助 生物制造 R
- COP30生物经济挑战(贝伦,2025年11月) 资助 生态修复与生物多样性信用市场(联合国贸发会议牵头的3年期计划) R
证据
- V V - 对照原文核实
- R R - 项目材料或名录佐证
- L L - 基于知识,尚未核查
说明和备注为英文(来源语言);名称在有通行中文译名时已译为中文。